The vagina or birth canal is the opening through which menstrual fluid leaves a woman’s body and babies are born. It is connected to the cervix, which is the opening of the uterus or womb, and to the vulva, which are folds of skin around the vagina opening. Vagina cancer is a malignant tumor that forms in the tissues of the vagina. Primary tumors are most usually squamous cell carcinomas. Primary tumors are rare, and more usually vaginal cancer occurs as a secondary tumor. Vagina cancer is a rare type of cancer. Cancer of the vagina is considered to be associated with advanced age and occur in the sixth and seventh decades of life. Adenocarcinomas present in patients younger than 20 years of age and are seen less frequently with advanced age. It is more common in women over age 50 and 60 but can occur at any age, even in infancy. It often can be cured if found and treated in early stages. Surgery alone or surgery combined with pelvic radiation is typically used to treat vaginal cancer. Children can be diagnosed with advanced vaginal cancer. They are treated by surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Vagina cancer in children may recur.

Vagina cancer is a rare tumor which constitutes only 2 % of female genital tract cancers. Cancer of the vagina is rare and is only 2% of all gynecological cancers less than 0.5% of all cancers in women. Estimated new cases in the United States in 2017 are 4,810. Deaths from vaginal during the same time were 1,240. It is more common in older women. In the UK, 254 cases of vagina cancer were identified in 2014. Deaths from vaginal cancer in this period were 110. Out of those with vaginal cancer, 53% are related to Human papilomavirus infection (HPV). There are some known causes such as age, HPV infection, social background, chronic conditions as well as unknown causes. The most common symptoms for vaginal cancer are: vagina bleeding often post-coital (bleeding following a vaginal sexual intercourse), vagina discharge, dysuria (difficult or painful discharge of urine), pelvic pain and/or pelvic mass. The reported overall 5-year survival rate for vaginal cancer is 44 %, which is poorer than that for both cervical and vulva cancer. In current oncology, survival rate is the primary target, but the analysis of the treatment complications and the quality of life is of crucial importance, particularly in cancers with indolent biology. It is difficult to establish strong, evidence-based recommendations as cancer of the vagina is such a rare disease. However, there are therapeutic options based on understanding the tumor biology and in individual treatment of the patient. Women with vagina cancer should be managed in a cancer center within a multidisciplinary team (MDT) setting. There are two primary types of vagina cancer: squamous-cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Squamous-cell carcinoma of the vagina arises from the squamous cells (epithelium) that line the vagina. This is the most common type of vaginacancer. It is found most often in women aged 60 or older. Squamous Cell Carcinomas comprise 67–80 % of vagina cancers. In contrast to cervical SCC, many vagina SCCs are HPV negative. HPV has been found in 50–80 % of primary vagina SCCs. Vagina adenocarcinoma on the other hand arises from the glandular (secretory) cells in the lining of the vagina. Adenocarcinoma is more likely to spread to the lungs andlymph nodes. It occurs in a small percentage of women (termed "DES-Daughters") born between 1938 and 1973 (later outside the United States) that were exposed to the drug diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero. DES was prescribed to 5 to 10 million mother’s period to prevent possible miscarriages and premature births. Typically, women develop DES-related adenocarcinoma before age 30, but increasing evidence suggests possible effects or cancers (including other forms of vaginal glandular tumors) at a later age. DES-exposure in women is also linked to various infertility and pregnancy complications. Daughters exposed to DES in utero may also have an increased risk of moderate/severe cervical squamous cell dysplasia and an increased risk of breast cancer.

Signs and Symptoms

Most vagina cancers do not cause signs or symptoms early on. When vaginal cancer does cause symptoms, they may include:

Vaginal discharge or abnormal bleeding

Unusually heavy flow of blood

Bleeding after menopause

Bleeding between periods; or any other

Bleeding that is longer than normal

Blood in the stool or urine

Frequent or urgent need to urinate

Feeling constipated

pain during sexual intercourse

a lump or growth in the vagina that can be felt

Dysuria (difficult or painful discharge of urine)

Consequences

Vagina cancer may spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body, such as the lungs, liver and bones. Side effects start to develop during treatment of the abnormal growth. When the complications start, they exactly depend on the type of radiotherapy adopted and the plan of treatment. Side effects tend to get worse as treatment progresses and can continue after your treatment ends. But they usually begin to improve after 1 or 2 weeks. Everyone is different and the side effects vary from person to person. Various complications include Diarrhoea, discomfort passing urine, skin soreness, feeling or being sick, fatigue. Most side effects gradually go away in the weeks or months after treatment. But some side effects can continue or might start some months or years later. Some changes can be particularly difficult to cope with. Long term complications might include changes in the ovaries, vaginal changes, and changes in pelvic bones, bladder or bowel changes, leg and groin swelling.

Prevention

The best way a woman can reduce her risk factor for developing vagina cancer is to try to avoid being infected with human papillomavirus (HPV), an extremely common sexually transmitted virus. In fact, about 80 percent of sexually active men and women are infected with HPV at some point in their life. HPV can cause many types of cancer, including cervical cancer. Researchers believe there may be a link between vagina cancer and HPV. Other factors that can help prevent vagina cancer include:

Early sexual activity or intercourse should be avoided by younger children.

Avoiding sexual intercourse with multiple partners.

Practicing safe sex (although condoms cannot fully protect against HPV).

Having regular Pap tests to find and treat precancerous conditions.

Stopping smoking, or not starting in the first place.

Reduce sugar intake

Adopt water therapy by drinking warm water with lime; don't eat until 45 minutes later.

Reduce alcohol consumption

Regular medical check up

Eat fruit that are rich in vitamin B17 e.g water melon, Mango, sharp sharp e.t.c

Maintain healthy weight

Be physically active or engage in physical exercise

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+2348104533168,

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+2248169638664,

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[email protected],

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Chancellor and Owner Of FADLU University:

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Hon , Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland Biography

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Fullname : Hon , Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland,

Local Government : Awgu ,

State : Enugu ,

Country : Nigeria ,

Education Updates :

(1) First Leaving Certificate in the year 2000, at Urban Community Primary School Ebonyi State .

(2) West African Examinations Council ( WAEC ) in the year 2011 .

(3) Diploma in Business And Legal Studies , Graduated in the year 2014 at Alison Institute Ireland.

(4) SSCE : National Examinations Council (NECO ) in the year 2016.

(5) NSCDC Academy Sauka, Abuja Nigeria : Certificate On Disaster Managers in the year 2016.

(6) Edx Institute : Certificate on Right of Refugees 2016 .

Chancellor and the founder of First African Distance Learning University:

Hon , Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland Biography

Hon , Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland Biography

Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland

Is the founder / Proprietor of First African Distance Learning University, also the

founder and the owner of Thenewsgist .

Fullname : Hon , Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland,

Local Government : Awgu ,

State : Enugu ,

Country : Nigeria ,

Education Updates :

(1) First Leaving Certificate in the year 2000, at Urban Community Primary School Ebonyi State .

(2) West African Examinations Council ( WAEC ) in the year 2011 .

(3) Diploma in Business And Legal Studies , Graduated in the year 2014 at Alison Institute Ireland.

(4) SSCE : National Examinations Council (NECO ) in the year 2016.

(5) NSCDC Academy Sauka, Abuja Nigeria : Certificate On Disaster Managers in the year 2016.

(6) Edx Institute : Certificate on Right of Refugees 2016 .

Chancellor and the Proprietor First African Distance Learning University

Hon , Chime . I. Giland Biography

Hon , Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland Biography

Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland

Is the founder / Proprietor of First African Distance Learning University, also the

founder and the owner of Thenewsgist .

Fullname : Hon , Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland,

Local Government : Awgu ,

State : Enugu ,

Country : Nigeria ,

Education Updates :

(1) First Leaving Certificate in the year 2000, at Urban Community Primary School Ebonyi State .

(2) West African Examinations Council ( WAEC ) in the year 2011 .

(3) Diploma in Business And Legal Studies , Graduated in the year 2014 at Alison Institute Ireland.

(4) SSCE : National Examinations Council (NECO ) in the year 2016.

(5) NSCDC Academy Sauka, Abuja Nigeria : Certificate On Disaster Managers in the year 2016.

(6) Edx Institute : Certificate on Right of Refugees 2016 .

Hon , Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland Biography

Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland

Is the founder / Proprietor of First African Distance Learning University, also the

founder and the owner of Thenewsgist .

Fullname : Hon , Chime Ifebuchechukwu Giland,

Local Government : Awgu ,

State : Enugu ,

Country : Nigeria ,

Education Updates :

(1) First Leaving Certificate in the year 2000, at Urban Community Primary School Ebonyi State .

(2) West African Examinations Council ( WAEC ) in the year 2011 .

(3) Diploma in Business And Legal Studies , Graduated in the year 2014 at Alison Institute Ireland.

(4) SSCE : National Examinations Council (NECO ) in the year 2016.

(5) NSCDC Academy Sauka, Abuja Nigeria : Certificate On Disaster Managers in the year 2016.

(6) Edx Institute : Certificate on Right of Refugees 2016 .

The News Gist

Was Incorporated Through

Corporate Affairs Commission in Nigeria (CAC) .

Business Registration Number : 6860260.

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First African Distance Learning University is Legit .

Accreditation/Recognition as Follows :

(1) First African Distance Learning University (FADLU ) Accredited after scoring 100 points which is above the expected average 40 points on self assessment of his institution by CCLP World Wide Accreditation on 12/28/2020 .

___________________________________________

(2) First African Distance Learning University (FADLU ) is also a registered member of European Council For Business Education ,

Registration date: 2021-07-19 17:54:52 ,

User ID : 770 ,

Status : Active Profile Registered .

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(3)First African Distance Learning University (FADLU ) is Registered as a Member of Association of African Universities,

Registration Number : AAU/OMU/20210301/163 .

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(4) First African Distance Learning University (FADLU) is Incorporated as a private company limited by Corporate Affairs Commission in Nigeria .

(5) first African Distance Learning University (FADLU ) is Recognised by National University Commission (NUC )

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6) Official Academic Signatory Awarded to FIRST AFRICAN DISTANCE LEARNING UNIVERSITY “FADLU “

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First African Distance Learning University, FADLU was founded on 28Th December 2020 by Hon , Chime . I. Giland .

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