کی تمام اشاعتیں۔ Dr.ASADULLAH SAJID . Bahawalpur ، Pakistan

Coronavirus becoming a Global Health hazard

Hello, I’m Hafiz Asadullah Sajid from Pakistan, Student at the Department of Botany IUB.

The corona Virus or Covid-19 will reach any country sooner or later, and there is no doubt that many countries do not have any sophisticated diagnostic kits or equipment. It is important to have the great knowledge of the disease.

Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses with a large single-stranded RNA genome. These make up a large family of viruses that can infect birds and mammals, including humans. Seven known coronaviruses can infect humans, including the novel coronavirus identified in Dec 2019.

These viruses usually cause mild sickness like a common cold. Coronavirus caused infections are mostly harmless. However, certain types of viruses can infect the lower respiratory tract (Trachea, Primary Bronchi & Lungs) which can produce serious illnesses like Bronchitis or Pneumonia.

Coronaviruses are notorious for several devastating epidemics around the world including the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) pandemic of 2002-2003. SARS was first recognized in 2003. It has never been clear what source of the virus was. The virus became widespread, giving rise to more than 8,000 infections of influenza-like illness in 26 kingdoms with close to 800 deaths and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS).MERS initially recognized in Saudi Arabia in 2012. People having disease show Symptoms of cough, fever shortness of breath and occasionally gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea. It has never been officially confirmed, what was the source of virus though evidence points to Arabian camels as a possible source of infection. The World Health Organization had identified around 2,500 cases of infection in 27 kingdoms during the outbreak, giving rise to nearly 860 deaths. Recently, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) set of an outbreak in China in December 2019, igniting international concern.

Wuhan Covid-19

Usually, new and torment viruses arise in animal hosts. Ebola and flu are other examples. Like other coronaviruses, it was originated in animals and then moves to human In Wuhan, China during December 2019, a cluster of cases displayed symptoms of pneumonia, with an unknown infectious cause. Initially infected many of those either worked or frequently shopped in the Huanan seafood wholesale market in the center of the city, which also sold live and newly slaughtered animals. Due to many cases, on 31 December 2019, the Wuhan Municipal Health Corporation alerted China's Centers for Disease Control (CDC), which notified the World Health Organization (WHO).

The novel coronavirus causes symptoms similar to those of other coronaviruses. The infected people may not show any symptoms or with mild to severe symptoms, including cough, shortness of breath, fever and diarrhea. Upper respiratory (Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, larynx) symptoms, include sneezing, a runny nose, and sore throat. Acute infection can cause pneumonia, kidney failure, and death. As this is viral pneumonia, antibiotics have no effect. We have drugs to kill viruses in case of flu will not work. If people having the disease are admitted to the hospital, they may get aid for their lungs and other related organs. However, the recovery of the patients will be dependent on the strength of their own immune system. Many of those who have died were already in poor health in china and other infected 124 Territories.

The estimated incubation time (time between exposures to the onset of symptoms) is 2 to 10 days by WHO and 2 to 12 by US CDC. One study discovered that the usual incubation time was three days but maybe as long as 24 days.

National health commission reported 5,120 deaths on Friday 13/Mar with 139,650 latest numbers of infections worldwide.Covid-19 has spread in 135 territories including China, South Korea, Japan, as well as Pakistan. 22 cases of infection are reported in Pakistan.

It is confirmed by China’s national health commission that the virus can transmit from human-to-human. They spread through aerosol droplets expelled when an infected individual coughs or sneezes within a range of about 6 feet. Coronavirus droplets only stay suspended in the air for a short time but can stay viable and contagious on metal, glass or plastic surface for up to nine days.

Several organizations are developing vaccines or testing antiviral medicine around the world. It was announced that a new vaccine is developed by a team at the University of Hong Kong, but needs to be tested on animals before managing clinical tests on humans. Still, there is no Confirmed vaccine for Covid-19 that has been produced.

According to the CDC till there are no available treatments for any human coronavirus. Those who catch a common coronavirus usually recover on their own and can ease the process by taking pain and fever medications, using a humidifier, drinking plenty of fluids, taking hot showers and staying home to rest. Similar nutrition is used to relieve the symptoms of more severe coronavirus infections.

Several existing antiviral medications, originally intended to treat Ebola and malaria, may show some effectiveness against the novel coronavirus, Live Science previously reported. These medications interfere with viruses by disabling their attempts to replicate in host cells. Another class of drugs, called "protease inhibitors," also shows promise against coronaviruses and helps to alert the immune system to viral invaders.

Preventions

The best way to prevent infection is to avoid exposure to this virus. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends everyday preventive actions to help prevent the spread of this and other respiratory viruses.

1. Use soap & other detergents to wash your hand for at least 20 seconds with clean running water, Lather your hands including the backs, under your nails & between your fingers.

2. Avoid using undercooked meat or unwashed raw materials like vegetables.

3. If you have recently visited china or any other affected country avoid close contact with other people for at least 14 days. Do not go out for work to school or any other public place. Keep children home from school when they are sick.

4. Viruses spread usually through droplets that remained on the surfaces including seats on buses, trains, airplanes or desks in school. Therefore Cover your cough or sneeze with a tissue, then throw the tissue in the trash & clean frequently touched objects and surfaces.

5. Masks provide protection against viruses as they block droplets to enter. Although some materials can enter masks also not cover eyes leaving space for some viruses to enter through eyes’ which is evident now.

6. Often we touch different surfaces that may be contaminated so avoid touching your eyes nose and mouth as it stops spreading germs.

After reading the message, transfer it to the person you love, and take care of your personal health.

God bless us!

“Today or after 10 years single Solution for the Education System”

By Hafiz Asadullah SAJID

No Doubt a teacher only a teacher can change the society. If a teacher is incompetent and has no abilities it will produce an incompetent nation, and this was the real problem with the country. A lot of such teachers have produced incompetent teachers and they will work now in their fields according to what they have learned. So, there is no other way to improve except we introduce Multimedia Classes. We will hire those teachers that have not only the ability to teach high stranded but also have abilities to improve Leadership skills, improve morality and create patriotism in their students.

There should be well-made video lectures for teaching students. We should apply big-screen multimedia to each class and students learn their lectures on that screen. We should select and hire excellent teachers and video editors from the whole country and prepare lectures as outstanding as are required to our students. We should start giving video lectures to our students where a single lecturer for each subject teaches to the whole countries colleges’ students, and we can imply it to our schools and universities also.

How can a student speak English fluently if his teacher can’t? So, by using multimedia, we can improve our students’ abilities to speak better fluent English.

In this era of developed technology our teachers still waste much of their time teaching by speaking which students can’t learn without looking to their graphics or pictures. It also saves much of a student time because most of our students use the internet not to research more about the topic but they use to view the graphics of what they have learned in their books.

Students waste much of their money for tuition just because their teachers don’t teach well at school e.g. During F.sc my father was spending about 40000 for his four children just for tuition. If instead of giving that money to the tuition teachers he has used that money for his business. He could make his business better which will also decrease poverty as flourishing businesses will provide more jobs. Here we think tuition is helping a lot of students who earn money from this sector but we should focus on the other side of the picture. If people spent more money on their business instead of education those students whom we are worried about can get good jobs from flourishing businesses, and this is a basic point we should focus on.

Teachers will get extra time for taking proper tests of their students and for other necessary activities like counseling of their students. We can solve the issue of Good or Bad institutions as all the students will learn the same lecture from the same teacher.

Why not!

Some people may say Pakistan can’t afford such a big project. We are giving an average of 70-80 thousand per month to a lecturer for wasting students’ time. Multimedia may cost 100000 for each class, and that is for a single time not required for each month.

We can’t forget the importance of the physically present teachers, and we will not totally remove as students need them for asking questions and also for setting up the decorum of the class.