Weather forecast Poundon United Kingdom

The evolution of Eco-friendly aircraft

Ever since the airline industry started booming in the late 20th century, aircraft manufacturers and their engineers have been constantly and iteratively improving the fuel efficiency of their aircraft. Especially after the oil crisis in the 1970s caused by a disruption in oil supplies from the Yom-Kippur War and the Iranian Revolution of 1979.

The nations who relied on the region’s energy exports such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the U.S, Japan and western Europe suffered large shortages in petroleum supplies and in turn high prices. This event paved the way for high capacity fuel efficient aircraft such as the Boeing 747 and crippled the newly blossoming supersonic industry in the Concord. Being forced to create more fuel-efficient aircraft, manufacturers had to find innovative ways to improve the carbon footprint of aircraft.

Engines

Aircraft manufacturers frequently outsourced their engines from experienced companies such as Rolls Royce. Initially large airlines utilized turbo jet engines which consisted of an air inlet, compressor, combustion chamber and a turbine which propelled the aircraft of the time with loud jets of hot air rapidly escaping the exhaust nozzle. As turbo fan engines began to be refined to the point of feasibility, aircraft began adopting the more fuel efficient low-bypass turbofans of that era.

These engines were essentially the same as the turbo jet but they had a large ducted fan that fell before the compressors which provided most of the thrust. The bypass ratio of a turbofan is the ratio of the mass flow rate of the “bypass stream” (Flow of air around the compressor, combustion chamber and turbine) to the mass flow rate entering “the core” (compressor, combustion chamber and a turbine). The higher the bypass ratio and the internal temperature of the combustion chamber and turbine, the more thrust can be produced by the engines.

Engineers have been continually increasing the bypass ratio and the maximum internal temperature of the core in order to increase thrust and fuel efficiency. Some innovations such as the chevrons on the engine nacelles of some Boeing aircraft reduce sound levels but also reduce thrust, this shows exactly how engineering is a tug of war battle with physics.

Wings

Airline manufacturers have been copying nature for efficient air foils (the cross section of a wing that produces a pressure difference on either side which results in lift or downforce).

The wingtips of aircraft have had a larger emphasis on the fuel efficiency and stability recently. On the tips of wings there are areas of “bleeding” where the high-pressure air beneath the wing is able to flow around the outside of the wing to the low-pressure air above creating vortices (spirals of air) which increased drag and diminished lift at the tip of the wing. Wing tips acted as barriers to prevent the air from reaching the top of the wing or to shift the vortices away from the wing.

Newer more complex wingtips are being tested and fitted to existing aircraft and new aircraft which also help increase lift and in turn increase fuel efficiency.

Possible aircraft innovation

Obvious improvements like solar panels incorporated to aircraft are being considered, however there are multiple areas of improvement such as the use of electric engines but there are no batteries with a high enough capacity right now but there will always be improvements made by the genius engineers behind each aircraft.

Article by David Ogolo

School: St Georges Sixth Form, Harpenden, England

Unemployment in India- Problems and Solutions

Unemployment basically refers to the state where an individual is deprived of work in order to attain livelihood in the form of income. This problem is witnessed basically in overpopulated countries where population is quite large in comparison to its limited resources. The economy of a country suffers setback because of employment which plays a major part in the development of a country. Every country has a different way of dealing towards this problem like for example in India there was a scheme of 1000 rupees per month as an unemployment allowance announced by the State Government of Uttar Pradesh in 2012 for poor youth who can maintain their studies. Similarly Universal pay Income of 5000 Rupees per unemployed by the Indian Congress leader Rahul Gandhi during the Lok Sabha 2019 Election Campaign was an effective plan since that would motivate the unemployed youth to a large extent and would have curbed in the prevention of various crimes as the youths would have found themselves in a state of business. Mostly youth commit crime owing to the fact of not having enough economical support from the government. There is lack of social development too responsible for this problem. For example- In India this problem is mainly because of lack of institutions such as Health care and Education which nearly accounts for certain percentage of employment. Doctors and teachers are finding themselves in a state of bother as far as the employment area is concerned.

Employment generation takes place by investing in institutions of maximum percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on health and education also assisted with providing special training to the teachers and medical practitioners which in turn lead to the overall development and construction of nation, since a healthy and educated individual will only be able to tackle his needs and requirement on a day to day basis. Globalisation of education and health care would also culminate in bringing new brains and would liquidate the economy of a country. The problem of unemployment is quite grave which can be traced to old times, under-developed countries are facing ever worse condition than those of developing nations. Developed countries does not seem to face this issue owing to their holistic development with limited population and huge resources, these countries attract brain drain from other countries on a large scale owing to limited manpower. For any country to prosper, population control should be initiated since large population leads to shortage of resources per individuals which result in various negative activities like theft, murder, extortion, money- laundering, thug, dacoity etc for the sake of money along with land related offences. All these penal problems as mentioned are stated in Indian Penal Code, 1860 the trial is conducted and justice too is given but the work to curb all this is the reason of unemployment and the concerned connected laws associated with it. There should be population control law should be made in the concerned legislature of any country which Indian Government is failing to do so currently. There was a time in India when Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister the law related to population control was initiated but that did not last long. The current Indian Government apparently seems to neglect the important issues that can generate the employment like Health Care and Education as already mentioned along with Agriculture, Industrial development etc which generates employment in the form of labour, manpower and resources on a large scale. There should be unemployed allowance of which the womens should be provided more in comparison so that they can process their maintenance of livelihood also can maintain themselves. The problem of unemployment and initiating laws to tackle it is being neglected by the Indian Government.

To conclude, the unemployment contains lots of negatives and if not handled by the concerned nations it would be quite fatal in the near future. Example of India with 135 crores of population where there is lots of income disparity, currently there is no room being visible of employment. The Indian government is not focussing on developing infrastructure such as agriculture, medical health care, school construction, proper education which constitutes greatly for employment. Employment is the problem to every negative activities of crime as already mentioned earlier. Once there is development of institution there will be demand for manpower which will assist in problem of solution of unemployment along with the population control policy. Last but not the least the government should involved big players of corporate house under corporate social responsibility to come forward and aid the poor in getting the employment by collaborating with government to build institution effectively. With all these points, it is quite clear and evident that problem of unemployment is not impossible to solve yet it requires special concern from the government.

Police and protesters clash in London

Thousands of protesters gathered in Trafalgar Square. They held banners with the slogans "We do not agree" and "COVID 1984" and chanted "Freedom!" Some of the posters featured slogans against compulsory vaccinations, masking, and restrictions on civil liberties.

In the UK, it is prohibited to gather in groups of more than six people. However, holding protests is an exception, provided the participants comply with the norms of social distancing.

British company received many orders for Grenadier 4x4 SUV

Showed the car to people at the end of last week at the festival of elegance in London. At the same time, Ineos has already received more than 17,000 pre-orders from those wishing to buy a car - interest in development is much higher than expected.

The company will begin to collect real orders with prepaid closer to the launch of the Grenadier 4x4 serial production, that is, at the end of 2021. Until that time, Ineos is planning to do a large amount of work on the project - so that the SUV is reliable and meets all the declared characteristics.

Grenadier 4x4 is called the ideological successor of the classic Land Rover Defender. The project is financed by the chemical concern Ineos, but the development of a turnkey car is outsourced by the Canadian-Austrian company Magna-Steyr. The novelty was shown with a universal five-door body, but in full the family will also include a three-door and a four-door pickup.

The National Oceanographic Center of Great Britain conducted a study according to which 12-21 million tons of plastic waste and various debris were identified in the Atlantic Ocean at a depth of 200 meters.

Scientists from the UK have declared a significant underestimation of the plastic pollution of the Atlantic Ocean. According to researchers, up to 21 million tons of microplastics have accumulated in the upper waters of the Atlantic alone, and about 200 million tons of plastic waste may be present in the ocean. Earlier it was reported only about 17 million tons.

Zanan Ahmad - is a British writer, motivator and listener. 1] He won a certificate for a quote page that has become successful throughout Instagram. British writer Award for Best posts for motivatonal posts (2019). Besides, he won an award for his talks as he continues to do more further.[3][4] Zanan Ahmad is best known as a Instagram Star. Zanan enjoys motivating people and giving advice on problems that are happening right now. This can be mental health, depression and any other need of help. Zanan is a great listener and always give his 100% towards anything that he’d want to achieve. Zanan is a British writer, currently working on a page called QUOTEPLAYOFFICIAL, this page is out on Instagram were over thousands of people are following this page. The rights of this page are owned by Zanan. Zanan’s main account on instagram of followers have reached to 117,000. He is one of the ranked famous stars, Zanan is a English social media star who is widely known on Instagram.

Scientists have found another property of coffee that is beneficial for women

Scientists from the University of England found a strong connection between the habit of regular consuming of coffee and the accumulation of various types of fat in the female body.

The authors found out that women aged 20-44 who consumed 2 or 3 portions of coffee a day had the lowest obesity - 3.4% lower than those who did not drink coffee at all. For the age of 45-69 years, in order to achieve the best result - minus 4.1% - they had to drink 4 or more portions of coffee. Overall, for all ages, the average percent of total body fat was 2.8% lower in women who consumed 2 or 3 cups of coffee per day.

The connection maintained when various additional factors were taken into account, such as the caffeine content in coffee, smoking and the presence of concomitant diseases. It is important that, in addition to influencing the content of subcutaneous fat, coffee consuming was connected with the amount of visceral fat - the one that surrounds the internal organs and accumulates in the abdominal cavity. It is its excessive amount that is most harmful to health.

For men, this connection was also traced, but to a small extent. Significant results were shown by the age group of 20–44 years: for them, the habit of drinking 2 or 3 cups a day was connected with a decrease in total fat by 1.3%, and visceral - by 1.8%.

About seven million tons of coffee are consumed annually in the world. A volume of approximately 4 cups per day is considered safe, and pregnant women can afford two servings, according to most researchers. Despite the numerous evidence of the benefits of the drink, it is not worth consuming it uncontrollably in large quantities: this can lead to harm to health.

Britain began to mass-produce a potential vaccine against corona virus

Previously, WHO said that at the moment, three drugs from corona virus are officially leading among clinical trials. Meanwhile, the UK said it had begun producing a potential corona virus vaccine. By September, they target to produce about a million dosages.

It is noted that a would-be vaccine was elaborated by scientists at the University of Oxford and is currently in production at seven companies in the UK, Europe, India and China.

“We started the risky making of this vaccine, not only on a small scale, but with a chain of manufacturers in 7 various locations around the world. The target is to get at least a million dosages by September, when we also expect to get test results” — Adrian Hill University Professor said.

It is also reported that at the moment, scientists have announced a set of volunteers for testing the vaccine in humans. In case of failure, losses from the production of the drug will amount to tens of millions of pounds.

Where is Benjamin Lasnier’s 2016 rumoured “girlfriend” today?

In 2016 Danish Singer Benjamin Lasnier took a short trip to Hong Kong. He was photographed at Pacific Place shopping mall with NAG rugby player; Taianna O’Neill who is rumoured to have recently been intimate with “Tik Tok Star” Max Martin. Benjamin later posted a picture of himself alongside Taianna on Instagram. Fans responded immediately to this post. Taianna then commented “My everything”. The two were spotted in public twice during Benjamin’s visit. Taianna refused to be interviewed about Benjamin she claimed; “Benjamin and I have no relationship of any sort I was just a lucky fan!” One of her own friends who accompanied her that morning shouted “bullsh*t”. Taianna spent a whole month trying to hide under a black off white hoodie. During that time frame she had her hood pulled over by somebody else in public recognising her. Taianna had been left alone after being pulled aside in the Gucci shop located in IFC mall on November 17th 2016. She screamed “I am not with Benjamin and I don’t want cameras in my face so please go and get a life!” But let’s get to the real question? Where is Taianna O’Neil today?

From Research we have found that Taianna and Benjamin no longer follow each other on Instagram. However, Taianna is followed by a few major platforms such as; @LukeLeeOfficial who is verified with a total of over 40 thousand followers, @Bencharlesworth_ who is verified and has a total of 1,835 followers, @amberwisee daughter of former football player Dennis Wise with a total of 9,221 followers, @Jesse_Grylls son of Survivalist Bear Grylls with a total of 8,702 followers, @francesca.beckenb the youngest and only daughter of former football player Franz Beckenbauer with a total of 1,558 followers. It seems that Taianna has many links to fame. She recently posted on her Tik tok profile [@annaoneill] a screen recorded video of herself scrolling through her Instagram feed with the video soundtrack playing “a - yo a famous person follows me check”. This video includes verified profiles [such as @LukeLeeOfficial , @Deanahmad_ , @stefanjames , @stephaniebaessler , @bencharlesworth_ , @stevie_bradley1] liking her Instagram posts. Taianna also has another video on her Tik tok platform which has over half a million views. Could the ex girlfriend of Danish singer Benjamin Lasnier be a potential rising star? She apparently only started her Instagram in October 2019 she had gained over 3,000 Followers in under 6 months. For somebody who isn’t famous that is incredible. In March 2016, a few months prior to being spotted with Benjamin in public; Taianna posted on Instagram “omg one direction just sang happy birthday to me at the concert tonight [Smiling Emoji]”. Who is this girl? How does she meet all these people? There is nothing online on her rugby career past the year 2017 so she must have moved on from professional rugby but it appears that she has taken on a bigger role in life. It is not certain what that is exactly as she does not seem that open with her life on social media however, from her instagram highlights she seems to be living this “Jet-setting lifestyle. It is unclear whether Taianna is still in school or not as she seems to constantly be travelling. Taianna has really changed since 2016 and her instagram has given the impression of a “glow up”. She no longer goes by “Taianna” instead she goes by “Anna O’Neill” It appears that she has taken up an interest in photography and water based sports. I wish Taianna all the best and nothing but success in her future! I also hope Benjamin is doing well.

My name my name is Ben Taylor 2 week ago I started to feel unwell and got a temperature of 39.9 had a fever cough breathing problems and felt stick burning sensation in the face lasted one week . It was definitely it was definitely the coronavirus I had to keep using my asthma pump I suffer with long-term. Health conditions I have epilepsy asthma enlarged heart cardiac best SVT and . Angina I am surprised I'm still here I can't wait for the virus to completely go and things to get back to normal I do suggest people are getting this please isolate yourself indoors and stay indoors and do not go out anyone . Start buying coronavirus masks of line It will kept you . Protected to a certain extent and keep washing your hands and keep clean